3D reconstruction and optimization of fossil plants based on 3D printing: a case study of Nelumbo delinghaensis
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Abstract:
Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and printing technology serve as important bridges between scientific research and public outreach in paleontology. However, compared with vertebrate fossils that are often preserved in three-dimensional form, plant fossils are often preserved in two-dimensional states due to their biological structures, making 3D printing and reconstruction more challenging. To address this issue, specimens of Nelumbo delinghaensis Luo et Jia, 2022, collected from the Miocene Qaidam Basin are used as a case study to explore a 3D printing-based method for reconstructing fossil plants. This approach aims to provide a new method for 3D reconstruction, presentation in paleobotanical research, and public engagement. After numerous attempts, a universal 3D printing workflow for reconstructing compression or imprint plant fossils is established. This workflow includes the processes of plant trait extraction, image processing, digital modeling, 3D printing, and post-printing treatment. In addition to outlining the workflow and methods, optimization strategies for the printing and post-processing steps are proposed based on the characteristics of the plant fossils. These strategies include the application of hollowing, packing lattice, and enhancement of details of fossils in reconstruction, all of which further enhance the authenticity and scientific value of the reconstructions. This approach provides a new way to showcase and study fossil plants, with great potential in research and educational activities in both scientific and public contexts.
