A VISEAN FLORA (CHOUNIUKOU FORMATION) FROM JINGYUAN AND JINGTAI IN GANSU, NORTHWESTERN CHINA
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Abstract:
In China, the terrestrial-marine inter-deposited Carboniferous are best developed in Qilian Mountain and Hexi Corridor, where both fauna and plant fossils are well preserved and can be compared to that of Europe and North America. Here a Visean flora is reported. The plant bearing Chouniukou Formation is 120m thick, consists of muddy shale, coal seams, clay, silty sandstone and marl, representing deposits of inter-tide lagoon, coastal swamp and peat swamp. The fossil plants include: Sublepidodendron sp., Lepidodendron gansuense sp. nov., Lepidodendron volkmannianum, Lep. jingyuanense sp. nov., Lep. ciyaoense sp. nov., Lep. shanyangense, Lep. cf. shanyangense, Lep. cf. aolungpulukense, Lep. sp.1, Lep. sp.2, Cathaysiodendron jingyuanense, C. cf. incertum, Lepidostrobophyllum rotundifolium sp. nov., Bothrodendron ruchengense, Archaeocalamites scrobiculatus, Hamatophyton verticillatum, Cardiopteridium spetsbergense, C. podozamioides, Triphyllopteris collombiana ,Triphyllopteris sp. Rhacopteris sp., Adiantites gothanii, Rhodeopteridium hsianghsiangense, R.cf. hsianghsiangense, R. cf. chinghaiense, Paripteris gigantea, P. cardiopteroides, Linopteris sp. This flora presents a phase of the vegetation right prior to the Namurian global glaciation from the tropical island. Features of the flora, such as the botanical significance, phytogeography, and the age determination and a comparison with other known Visean floras are detailed.
