REVISION OF THE CHINESE UPPER DEVONIAN CYRTOSPIRIFERID BRACHIOPOD GENUS SINOSPIRIFER GRABAU, 1931
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Abstract:
Restudy of Grabau's type specimens shows that Sinospirifer Grabau, 1931 differs from Cyrtospirifer Nalivkin, 1924 in a number of important shell characters. Sinospirifer is distinguished from Cyrtospirifer by its secondarily infilled ventral posterior, a pseudodeltidium penetrated by a central pedicle tube/foramen, and the whitneyi-subextensus micro-ornament. The type species Spirifer (Sinospirifer) sinensis (subsequent designation by Tien, 1938) is a junior synonym of Spirifer verneuili var. subextensus Martelli, 1902, and henceforth Spirifer subextensus is the type species of Sinospirifer. Most of the illustrated type specimens of eight species of Sinospirifer named by Grabau (1931) are closely similar to Sinospirifer subextensus (Martelli, 1902) in their overall shell shapes, sinal plication patterns, and the presence of a central pedicle tube/foramen, as well as the whitneyi-subextensus micro-ornament, and are considered to be conspecific with S. subextensus. These include Sinospirifer sinensis, S. archiaciformis, S. wangleighi, S. pellizzarii, S. pellizzariformis, and S. heterosinosus. A number of specimens of Sinospirifer vilis and S. subhayasakai illustrated by Grabau (1931), including their holotypes, are transferred to S. subextensus, and the remaining specimens are attributed to four or five other species.
