特异埋藏化石库(Lagerst?tten)是地质历史记录中保存异常完好的生物化石集合体, 对于研究化石精细形态和解剖结构、古生态、古生理、生物演化等方面具有极其重要的科学价值。自20世纪70年代以来, 特异埋藏化石库的研究呈现阶段式增长, 近年来达到高峰期。本文综述了三叠纪特异埋藏化石库的时空分布、研究现状和科学意义。三叠纪特异埋藏化石库包括海相和陆相化石生物群, 主要分布在中国、欧洲和北美, 涵盖了从早三叠世到晚三叠世的广泛时期。这些特异埋藏化石库在揭示中生代初的生物面貌、二叠纪末大灭绝后生物的复苏辐射过程、 现代类型海洋生态系统的建立过程、中生代海洋革命和湖泊革命中发挥了关键作用。虽然中国已发现的特异埋藏生物群数量较多(本文统计的特异埋藏化石库总数25个, 中国有10个), 但与研究程度较高的欧洲地区相比, 国内生物群研究程度相对较低,新的生物类别和生态意义有待进一步挖掘和研究。综上, 我国的特异埋藏化石库在未来研究中具有巨大的潜力, 加强相关的研究工作将会对认识全球中生代生物演化做出重要贡献。

Lagerst?tten, exceptionally preserved fossil assemblages in the geological record, hold great scientific value for studying the fine morphology and anatomical structures of fossil organisms, as well as paleoecology, paleophysi ology, and biological evolution. Since the 1970s, research on Lagerst?tten has experienced phased growth, culminating in significant advancements in recent years. This paper reviews the spatial and temporal distribution, current research status, and scientific significance of Triassic Lagerst?tten, which have been discovered in both marine and terrestrial deposits, primarily located in China, Europe, and North America, spanning a broad timeframe from the Early to Late Triassic. These Lagerst?tten have played a crucial role in elucidating the early Mesozoic biota, the recovery and radia tion processes of life following the Permian-Triassic mass extinction, the establishment of modern-type marine eco systems, and the Mesozoic marine and lacustrine revolutions. Although a substantial number of Lagerst?tten have been discovered in China – 10 out of the 25 Lagerst?tten documented in this paper – the level of research remains compara tively lower than that of the well-studied European regions. Therefore, Lagerst?tten from China hold great potential for future research, particularly in uncovering new biological groups and their ecological significance. Enhancing related studies will contribute significantly to understanding global Mesozoic biological evolution.

国家杰出青年科学基金项目《地球生物学》(42325202)资助