随着定量地层学和古生物学研究的发展, 约束优化法(CONOP)在定量分析古生物分类单元多样性演化和地层划分对比中发挥了重要作用。本文简要介绍了CONOP的原理、算法, 以及应用CONOP软件进行定量地层对比分析的过程, 包括地层古生物数据的选取、厘定与输入, 复合剖面的构建, 以及最终获得多样性曲线的过程, 并以泥盆纪法门期菊石地层的定量研究为例分析了选择不同的Penalty (Penalty = “Interval”和Penalty = “Level”)对复合剖面带化石顺序和多样性结果的影响。对比发现, 当不同剖面间的事件顺序没有较大差异, 剖面沉积相对较厚较均匀且采样精度较高时, 对带化石在复合剖面中的顺序以及多样性曲线的趋势影响不大, 使用Interval和Level两种测量方式都可以。当不同剖面的事件顺序差异较大时, 如果剖面沉积相对厚且均匀, 建议选择Interval测量方式, 因为它是根据剖面厚度进行运算; 如果剖面总体采样精度较高, 建议选择Level测量方式, 因为它是基于事件数量进行运算, 从而避免剖面沉积速率不同造成的偏差。

Along with the research development on quantitative stratigraphy and paleontology, Constrained Optimization (CONOP) has played an important role in the quantitative analysis of paleontological taxa diversity changes and stratigraphic correlations. This paper briefly introduces the principles and algorithms of CONOP and the process of stratigraphic correlation analysis based on CONOP, which includes selection, standardization and input of stratigraphic data, constructing a composite section, and finally achieving the diversity curve. Using the Famennian ammonites as an example, we analyzed the influence of different Penalty selection (Penalty = “Interval” and Penalty = “Level”) on the event sequence and diversity level of fossils in the composite section. The results indicate that there is no significant difference on the event sequence and diversity of the composite section when the selected sections have very few conflicts on the event sequence the deposition of the sections is relatively thick and even, and the fossils are sufficiently sampled. If the sequence of events varies remarkably among different sections and the deposition of the sections is relatively thick and even, the Interval measurement method is recommended, because it is optimized according to the section thickness. If the sections have good fossil records and have been sufficiently sampled, the Level measurement method is recommended to avoid the bias caused by different deposition rates, as it is optimized based on the number of events.