贵州剑河辣子寨村辣子寨剖面杷榔组的杷榔动物群是近期发现的一个化石丰度较高且较复杂多样的动物群。该产地的化石库含有两个化石富集的层位，即下化石层和上化石层。通过对两个化石富集层的岩石结构、构造、沉积特征、生物类群组成及化石丰度和保存特征等方面的分析研究表明，下化石层与上化石层内化石组合和埋藏特征存在较大差异。下化石层类群组成多样、化石丰度较高，以掘头虫类三叶虫、三叶形虫 Naraoia、大型双瓣壳节肢动物Isoxys、Tuzoia及古蠕虫、海绵等为主，且化石主要保存在事件沉积层内，保存质量较好，为外陆棚沉积环境下大量生物个体发生原位快速沉积埋藏作用形成。而上化石层内化石以具硬壳的三叶虫为主，有较大的埋藏量，少量或碎片状的 Naraoia，Isoxys，且这类化石数量少，主要在背景层中保存，可能为静水沉积时，沉积界面积累了大量生物遗体并暴露于基底表面一定时间后，再被沉积物逐渐堆积掩埋而形成，为生物遗壳的原位或近原位埋藏。

Recently，a new locality of the Cambrian Balang Fauna was discovered in Lazhizhai village，Jianhe，Guizhou，Southwest China．The Balang Lagerst?tte of the new locality contains abundant fossil material．Based on measured geological section and fossils collected in the field，two fossil enrichment beds were discovered in Lazhizhai section of the Balang Formation， which were named as the Lower Fossil Bed and the Upper Fossil Bed respectively．According to the two fossil beds’sedimentary petrology characteristics， fossil assemblages，fossil abundance and fossil taphonomic characters and so on，there are some differences for fossil assemblage and burial characteristics of the two beds．For the Lower Fossil Bed，a diversified fossil assemblage and well-preserved fossils mainly occur in the sedimentary event layer，which are represented by trilobites， Naraoia，Isoxys， Tuzoia of arth- ropods，palaeoscolecidan Wronascolex，echinoderm Guizhoueocrinus and sponges，especially， non-mineralized fossil individuals with soft body．These characters suggest that the living animals have been buried in situ by the rapid deposition of lithic fragments in an outer shelf environment．It indicates that these organisms were preserved by the model of autochthonous burial to form fossil assemblages．For the Upper Fossil Bed，the fossil assemblage mainly consisted of trilobites and fragments of their cephalic and thoracic segments， and a small exoskeleton of Naraoia and valves of Isoxys，their complete individuals little， only fragmented left valves or just fragments and few fossil numbers． Fossils mainly preserved in background layer by environment of static water sedimentation，a lot of organisms were accum- ulated in the matrix and organism bodies pre-burial underwent exposure for a long time on the sea bed， and then，sedimentary lithic fragments continually accumulated and compressed to form fossil enrichment bed， in which shell bodies are preserved by model of near autochthonous burial to form fossil assemblages．

国家自然科学基金(41672005，41172005，4133101)；国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973项目)(2013CB835002，2015FY310100-5)；贵州省科学技术厅基金(黔科合 Z字[2014]4003号)；中国国家地层委员会基金联合资助