在我国贵州省麻江县埃迪卡拉纪—寒武纪过渡时期的留茶坡组硅质岩中，发现了丰富的丝状蓝藻化石。通过观察岩石薄片共鉴定出蓝藻门颤藻科的 6 个种，包括 Calyptothrix perfecta，Calyptothrix major，Megathrix longus，Obruchevellasp．，Palaeolyngbya barghoorniana，以及Palaeolyngbyasp．。此外，还发现一种未定名的丝状微体化石，经观察与对比，认为该丝状化石形态接近于现代鞘丝藻 Lyngbya，由于其胶鞘具有独特的规则环纹，可能为鞘丝藻属的一个新种，在本组硅质岩中为首次发现。该发现丰富了留茶坡组的微体生物化石资料，为埃迪卡拉纪—早寒武世的生物演化提供新的化石材料。

Abundant filamentous cyanobacteria have been discovered from the Ediacaran-Cambrian Liuchapo chert at the Yangtiao section，Majiang County，Guizhou Province． Six Oscillatoriaceae species comprising of different genera are identified，including Calyptothrix perfecta， Calyptothrix major， Megathrix longus， Obruchevella sp．，Palaeolyngbya barghoorniana， and Palaeolyn-gbya sp．．In addition，an unnamed filamentous microfossil that is morphologically similar to the modern Lyngbyais also described．Based on its unique finely annulated sheath and coarsely annulated filaments，the unnamed fossil may represent a new species belonging to the genus Lyngbya．The systematic study of the Oscilla-toriaceae adds new palaeontological data to refine the biostratigraphic framework，and improves our understanding of the diversification of the primary producers during this time period transitioning from Proterozoic to Phanerozoic．

国家自然科学基金项目(批准号：41402025)；中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室课题基金项目(编号：133103)联合资助