叶肢介化石生长线下缘锯齿状构造曾作为非洲叶肢介科(Afrograptidae)分类的主要特征，通过扫描图像，从比较解剖学研究入手，揭示了现生与化石叶肢介壳瓣的锯齿构造是由于分布于生长线的一排刚毛，基部关节脱落而形成的；分析了生长线刚毛的形态是属于长针形的轴刚毛，主要司触角功能；在5科18属现生叶肢介中，至少3科7属32种具有生长线刚毛，22属化石叶肢介有锯齿构造；作者认为这一构造被视为非洲叶肢介科分类的主要依据是不合适的，壳瓣的放射褶或粗瘤构造在高级分类上更重要，进而对该科的含义进行了厘定；从壳瓣具有多条放射褶这一构造特征来看，它与小叶肢介超科(Estheriellioidea)的成员在发生关系上比较密切，小叶肢介超科可提升为亚目(Estheriellidea)，包括小叶肢介超科和非洲叶肢介超科，是中生代初兴起的一个类群。在白垩纪中期消失。

Serration structure on the growth lines of the fossil conchostracans was considered as a key character for the family Afragraptidae. SEM micrographs of some living forms indicate that there is a row of setae on the growth lines. Setal articulations of the growth lines are broken off while their insertions remain, which form an apparently serration margin along the growth lines for the fossil specimens in the external mold. The setae of the growth lines belong to annulate type without setules and probably played in sensory function. This structure was found from about 32 species in seven genera of three families for the living conchostracans and 22 fossil genera. Multi-radiating costae and stout tubercles on the valves are much more important than that of serration structure in high taxonomic status for the family Afrograptidae. An emended scheme of the Afrograptidae is presented herein. This family can be better placed in the suborder Estherielliina, rather than in the Estheritina.

Q915.819.6

国家自然科学基金 (No .40 0 72 0 0 2 )，现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室基金 (No.0 2 3 10 1)资助项目